医師国家試験 第117回 問277
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A35-year-old man complained of a sudden onset of severe headache. For the past two weeks, he woke up around 3:00 a.m. due to soreness behind the left eye. His pain continued for about an hour. Today, he visited the emergency department at 5:30 a.m. His consciousness was clear, but he appeared restless. His body temperature was 36.4 °C. Pulse rate was 84/min. Blood pressure was 136/80mmHg. Conjunctival hyperemia and tearing of the left eye were observed. There were no meningeal signs. MRI and MRA of the head showed no abnormalities. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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cluster headache
数週間にわたり毎日ほぼ同じ深夜から明け方の時刻に、片側の眼窩部に1時間程度続く激痛が起こり、同側の結膜充血と流涙という自律神経症状を伴う点が群発頭痛(cluster headache)に特徴的です。患者は痛みのためじっとしていられず落ち着きなく動き回るのも典型で、暗所で安静を好む片頭痛と対照的です。髄膜刺激徴候がなく画像も正常であることから、くも膜下出血や髄膜炎、脳腫瘍は否定的です。